Apparatus for the evaporating of liquids.



J. L. SOHRADE.

APPARATUS FOR THE EVAPORATING OF LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED APR. 8, 1904.

, QUQALGUA Patented Jan. 12,1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTOR fawbljomk 7 ATTORNEY J. L. SUHBADE.

APPARATUS FOR THE EVAPORATING OI LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.8,1904.

Patented Jan. 12, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR jize'oiflouak S670 mic WITNESSES:

upwardly and inwardly directed fine sprays I throughan apparatus constructed in accordentrain snares arana oration,

JACOB LOUIS SGHRADE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR rm- EVAPORATING 0F LIQUIDS.

Specification of Letters Patent,

Patented Jan. 12, 1909,.

Application filedApril 8, 190 .1. Serial No. 202,185.

To all whom it may concern: 4

art and structure hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claim.

The invention is not limited to the evaporation of any special liquid but ll present the same herein as employed in the evaporation of milk for" the production of milk powder.

in carrying out my invention ll cause the liquid or solution which is to be evaporated to be delivered continuously in the form of into the upper end of a tallchamber simultaneously with the continuous introductionof highly heated air under'pressure into the lower part of said chamber, the heated air being at such temperature and in'such volume that during its passage] upwardly through the saidchamber it will move into fi'ictiogal contact vgith and retair'd the ld escent y a'vit" 0 the s' ra e artic es, and absorl and Zarry 0d th a l ue'oiih matter on its passage to'and throu h the upper end of such chamber, allowing the solids in powdered or granular form to descend to the lower end" of saidchamber.

i The preferred form of apparatus adapted for carryin out my invention comprises a vertical cylindrical chamber having about its lower" portion perforated side walls and" at' its upper end asuita'ble outlet of some- --w'h'at restricted character for air, means about the lower portion-of said cylinder for the delivery of highly heated air thereto through the perforations'thereof, and means at the upper end'o'f said cylinder for sprayingthe l1 uid or solution" to be evaporated inwardly mm the interioricircuniference'to" the center of said" cylinder, thesprayed' par? ticles' being left to descend by gravity and the heated air being. caused to ascend through said cylinder under pressure, so that said air maycar of the aqueous matter'and'- allow the'solids to descend to the lower end of the cylinder; The vertical yilndtr has npwardiy converging waits to prevent the sprayed particles from gathering on and clinging to the same, and the lower perforated portion of said cylinder is surrounded by a hot air chamber liltO which the air is delivered under pressure and within which the said air may be heated joy a steam coil, although it is to be understood that if pi'eterreci the an may be heated before being delivered to said hot air chamher, in which event the steam coil within said chamber may or may not be used as occasion may require.

the ob ect or my invention is to provide a highly eihcient' apparatus whereby the evaporation or liquids, without in ui'y to the solids contained therein, may be rapidly and economically accomplished.

'lhe invention will be fully understood from the detailed description hereinafter presented, reIerence being had to the accompanying drawings, 1n winch lc'igui'e 1 is a central vertical section ance with and embodying my invention, and Fig; 2 is a horizontal section of" same on the dotted line2'2 of Fig; l.

In the drawings 10 designates a suitable platform or'floor upon which the apparatus is mounted, said apparatus comprising a vertical cylindrical shell 11 having a hopper shaped bottom 12, an exterior casing of masonry l3 iriclosing'said cylinder 11, the

interior cylindrical shell of metal lat surrounding the lower portions of said cylinder'll but separated therefrom by a space 15' constituting a'hot air chamber, the coil of pi e 16 for steam inclosedby'said chamberlo, means such as a blower- 17 for supplying air to said chamber 15, and a perforated pipe18 encircling the upper end of saidflcylinder 11, into which pipe the material tb be evaporated will be forced and which will spray the same upwardly and inwardlyltowardthe vertical center of the cylinder-"lies showii in Fig. 1, whence the sprayed material will descend by gravity through said" cylinderin opposition to the volume of hot air ascending through said" cylinder, theresult being that the voln ne of hot ascending air will move into frictional contact with the descending particlesand' absorhand carry'ofi' the aqueous matter ah'd allow the solid particles originally in""the' liqii'id leaving the pipe 18 to descend inftoi'the' hopper 12 in the form of a an powaer; which up ope'ning the gate lit) : prevent the sprayed substances to be evaporated from, during their descent, engaging damper 23 and provided with a cap 24:, thelatter being intended to prevent the descent of dust or other foreign matter into the chimney 22, and the damper 23 being provided to regulate the draft upwardly through the cylinder 11 and chimney 22.-

The purpose of having the side walls of the cylinder 11 converge upwardly is to and, clinging to said walls, and" also to insure the most efficient action -of the'volume of heated air ascending through said cylinder, the converging walls of said cylinder having the effect of crowding the air inwai'dly as it ascends and compelling the air in a consistent volume to pass into'frics tionalcontact with the matter descending and attempting to descend through it. Those poi-tionsof the walls of the cylinder 11 in line with the chamber 15 are perforated all over their surfaces, so that the heatedair may freely enter the evaporating chamber and be compelled to thoroughly .COlllllllXlfIle with the descending matter.

The perforated pipe 18 extends circumferentially around the upper end of the cylinder 11, and is connected with a supply pipe 24- lcading from the tank 2-.) into which the substance to be evaporated will be forced vantage that the pipe 18 be arranged at the by means of an ordinary pump diagrammatically indicated at 26. The perforations in the pipe 18 are in line'with openings in the cylinder 11, and thesaid perforations are on an upward inclination sothat the liquid leaving'thein may be sprayed upwardly and toward the center of the cylin der 11 as indicated in Fig. 1. It is of adupper end of the cylinder 11 and that said pipe encircle the cylinder and spray the liquid inwardly. because. by reason thereof the materials sprayed are kept from contact, to the maximum degree, from any of the metal surfaces of the apparatus and are com elled to descend in opposition to and j co in i'ietional contact with the volume of highly heated air ascending through the cylinder 11. I i

lhe steam coil 16 is simply a non-perforated coil of pipe receiving the steam at the branch 27 and permitting its discharge at the branch 28, and said coil is within the chamber 15 and encircles that portion of the cylinder 11 which is perforated. The

chamber 15 is surrounded. by non-conductive packing 29, and this packing 18 exof the cylinder 11'.

hot by its contact with the coil 16 and is perforated along its upper edge so that the air escaping therefrom may be directed upwardly, as indicated by'the arrows. in Fig. 1, against'the coil 16 and within the chamber' 15, so that said air may become highly heated before it escapes into the cylinder 11. lhe pipe 30 is connected with the blower 17, which is of usual character and is employed simply for the purpose of delivering a proper volume of air to the air heating means, whence the highly heated air in constant volume is delivered to the cylinder 11 and compelled to move upwardly with the particles descending through the same; The pressure of the air delivered to the cylinder 11 is so regulated that the air will ascend through said cylinder in contact with and inopposition to the descending sprayed liquid and absorb the aqueous matter but will not carry with it the solids contained in said liquid, said solids being permitted to descend by grav-' ity and being produced by the descent of the sprayed matter through the ascending body of air. The chamber 15 forms a hot air chamber and its outlet is onl the perforated walls of the cylin er 11 and thence through the cylinder.

The lower end of the c linder 11 will preferably be within a close room or chamber 31, which will have an inner door 32 and an outer door 33. I provide the two doors 32, 33 so that-an employee when enand receptacle 20 may first closetlie door 33 before opening the door 32 and thereby prevent any impure air or dust from being drawn upwardly into or about the cylinder 11 from without the room 31. i

In the employment of theapparatus hereinbefore described the steam ,will be admitted to the coil 16 and the blower 1? set in motion, and after-the interior of the cylinder 11 has become a hot-air chamber, due to the ascending volume of heated air, the liquid to be evaporated will be forced through the pipe 18 and sprayed inwardly, "and thereafter the operation is continued automatically, the sprayed substance descending by gravity through the cylinder 11 andthe' volume of hot air ascending through said the descending particles, the hopper 12 and the aqueous ing absorbed and carried off b the hot air. The outlet at the upper end of the cylinder 11 and" the blower 17 will be so regulated that a consistent body of hot air shall conparticles be- Encircling the lower portion of the cylin- I der ll'is an air pipe 30 which may be'kept through said cylinder in frictional contact perforated top of said ter'ing the-room 31 to operate the valve 19- cylinder and in contact with the solids reaching tended upwardly around the upper portion through iao i treatment of any special liquids, I contemplate its employment in the manufacture of milk powder, and ip this manufacture my invention is of particular value in that the powder roduced will be entirely soluble and retain the solids of the milk in a natural condition.

What I claim asmy invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

,Inapparatus for evaporating liquids, the vertical shell forming an evaporating chamber and having an'outlet at its upper end, and means for spraying the liquid into the upper end of said chamber, the lower walls 0 said chamber being perforated and surrounded by a hot air chamber, combined with the steam coil in said hot-air chamber, the perforated air pipe in the lower end of said chamber, and means for forcing the air into and out through the perforations of sa1d -a1r-p1pe andflcausing the hot air in said hot: air chamber to pass through said perforated walls and ascendin contact with the descending sprayed liquid, whereby said air is enabled to absorb and carry oil" the aqueous matter and the solids contained in' the liquid are permitted to descend to the lower end of said evaporating chamber;

substantially as set forth.

Signed atNew York, in the countyof New York, and State of New York, this 7th dayof April A. D1904 JACOB LOUIS SCI-IRADE.

Witnesses:

CHAS. C. GILL, ARTnUR MARION. 

